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Mumbai Port
The Port of Mumbai was known as the Bombay Port previously. The port lies at the Latitude 18° 56.3' N and Longitude 72° 45.9' E on the Indian Western Coast. It is located on the harbor of Mumbai which is naturally deep. This harbor is covering an area of around four hundred square kilometers or 150 square miles. The mainland of Konkan is located towards the eastern and northern side of the harbor and towards the west the harbor is protected by the Mumbai city. It opens to the Arabian Sea to its south.
MbPT (Mumbai Port Trust) looks after the administration of the port. It is an autonomous corporation and is owned by the Indian Government. This port is mainly used for mass cargo and the container traffic is forwarded towards the NhavaSheva port that is located across the harbor.
History
Since centuries, the Harbor of Mumbai has been used by boats and ships. Maratha navy, Portugal and British navies used this harbor for long time. The first docks at the Mumbai Port were constructed in the year 1870. On 26thjune, in the year 1873, Bombay Port Trust or BPT was established. Colonel J.A.Ballard was the founder chairperson of BPT.
Sir John Wolfe-Barry and Lt Col Arthur John Barry worked as Joint Consulting Engineersfor BombayPort Trust and their civil engineering partnership lead to the development of the port in the end of the 19th Century.
Since the time the port was established it had always acted as a gateway to India. This has played a major role in establishing the Mumbai city as the commercial capital of the country. The present names were given to the port and the corporation during 1990s.
As the time has passed, The Mumbai Port has experienced remarkable growth and extension. The capacities of handling cargos and berths have been enlarged. By 1970s the expansion of the port ha d been hampered because of increasing population of Mumbai and expanding growth pressure of the region. As a result NhavaSheva port was established transverse to the Mumbai Harbour in the Navi Mumbai area at the mainland of Konkan. The operations of the NhavaSheva began in the year 1989 and now majority of the container traffic flows across the Nava Sheva Port. During the year 2007 and 2008, more than fiftyseven million tonnes of cargo was handled at the Mumbai port. The Ballard Pier Extension of Mumbai Port is usually used to handle the cruise liners that visit Mumbai.
Location
The port lies at the Latitude 18° 56.3' N and Longitude 72° 45.9' E on the Indian Western Coast. It is located on the harbor of Mumbai which is naturally deep.This harbor is covering an area of around four hundred square kilometers or 150 square miles. The mainland of Konkan is located towards the eastern and northern side of the harbor and towards the west the harbor is protected by the Mumbai city. It opens to the Arabian Sea to its south.The Harbor is blessed with deep water which provides plenty of shelter for shipping all the year round. The way towards the harbor is properly lighted towards north ad south by Prongs Lighthouse which is visible from twenty seven kilometers and Kennery Light house, visible from 29 Kilometers respectively. The entry to the harbor can be approached from South west which is a distance of around nine kilometers between Prongs reef and Thull reef and lies off to main land towards south-east.
The arrangement of lightning is good hence navigation to the harbor can be done round the clock. The principal navigational harbor channel is naturally deep and has been deepened to eleven meters. The requirementsof many passenger ships, cargo vessels and deep drafted tankers can be met over there.
Construction
There are 3 enclosed wet docks at the Mumbai Port. In the year 1880 Prince's Dock was commissioned. Now the Dock is having eight berths and a minimum draft of 6.4 meters. The Victoria Draft was commissioned in the year 1891 and had fourteen berths by the year 2008 and 6.7, meters of minimum draft.The Indira Dock having 21 berths and a minimum draft of 7 meters was commissioned in the year 1914. From Victoria Dock and the Prince’s dock, the vessels can depart at high tide as these are semi tidal docks but from the Indira Dock the vessels can depart at any time as it has a lock.
The port is having four quays or jetties located on JawaharDweep which is an island in the harbor.All the crude and petroleum products are handled here. Another jetty Pirpau handles all the liquid chemical products.
There is a passenger terminal at Ballard Pier Extension. Here immigration clearance facility is also available for passengers and crews of the cruise liners.There are 63 anchorage points at the port.
Facilities
Dry Cargo Handling
The port has one enclosed wet dock i.e the Indiar Dock which has a total area of 24.04 hectares. The quayage of the dock is around four thousand meters. The entrance lock of the Indira dock is around 228.6 m long and its width is 30.5 m. The vesselscan enter and leave the dock any time through this lock whatever the state of tide is. The basin has twenty one berths with a depth of 9.14 m and there are five berths beside the wall of the harbor having a depth of 7.5 meters. In order to increase the depth of the berths which are inside the basin water is impounded by electric pumps. This can increase the depth by 1.20 m. TheSouthward extension of East arm of the Indira Dockhas two berths which are named as Ballard Pier Station and Ballard Pier Extension. The length of the Ballard Pier Extension is around 244m. It also has one state-of-the-art passenger terminal building. The designed depth of this berth is 9.75 meters CD. The Ballard Pier Station berth serves the container vessels and is having a depth of 9.1 meters CD.
Marine Oil Terminals
The 4 jetties have been made at the JawaharDweep which is used to handle crude oil and the petroleum products. One jetty which was specially made in the year1984 can handle the tankers having maximum loaded draft of 12.7m, linking to 125,000 Displacement tons. The other two jetties can facilitate tankers upto 70,000 Displacement Tons & 228.6 meter length. The last jetty can handle the tankers upto 48,000 Displacement tons and 213.4 meters length. The two jetties at Pir Pau handles the POL and chemical products. The network of pipelines is there that is connecting all the jetties to the Oil refineries.
Bunders
The harbor is also having many bunders and wharves which are used to handle the sailing vessels and barges’ traffic.
Dry Dock
Hughes Dry Dock having a length of 304 meters is adry dock at the Indira Dock.
Storage
Mainly all the berths are having transit shades and many ware houses which are used for storage purposes.
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