Mosques In India

Babri Mosque

The famous Babri Mosque is located in the city of Ayodhya that comes under the district of Faizabad which is located in the state of Uttar Pradesh. This mosque is the oldest mosque and it is having a way long history which makes the mosque historical in front of most of the people. The very memorable incident happened to the place is in 1992 when it was demolished by a group of people and it was  a political issue that converted into a riot that killed large number of people from both Muslims and Hindu communities.  The flame of this riot is not limited to one city but it developed in other cities too and it killed various people in Delhi and Mumbai itself. It all happened against the commitment of Supreme Court of India that the mosque will not be harmed.

The mosque was constructed as per the orders of Babur in 1527. It is the largest mosque in the Uttar Pradesh not only because of the area but also because of the importance of the place. This is the place where Hindu devotees also reside and the place is also known as the place where Lord Rama was born. The whole debate between both communities is known as Ayodhya Debate.

History

Hindu Account

There was a history associated with the mosque that the Mughal emperor Babur ruled over the country and he defeated the Rana Sangram who was a Hindu king who resides in Chittodagarh and he was from Rajputana Kingdom. He defeated in the battle of Khandwa. After the victory, he appointed his general, Mir Baqshi as the governor of Awadh and those areas which are around Awadh.

Mir Bakshi constructed the Babri Majid and dedicated it to Babur. There was belief that he constructed the mosque after demolishing the palace where Lord Ram was born. There was a temple of same god to which people use to worship. The amazing thing is that there is no proper evidence available for a person in Muslim religion as it is not refereed in the Baburnuma, a diary of Babur. The pages of those incidents are missing and this is the reason why the proper evidence is not available. Although, the incident was there that many Hindu Temples were demolished in Chanderi by him.

The only evidence that a person may get about the Hindu temple at that area was through the inscription of one thick stone that was discovered in the demolished structure in riots of ’92. There were various other evidences that people collected from that demolished part. These things were inscription on the slab that was discovered, Shlokas and other things that were written in Sanskrit and also in Nagari Lipi, which was very popular in the twelfth century among the people. There were various people who were scholars, Sanskrit scholars, epigraphic and other people who searched these things and found the proper evidence for a person through which it may be possible for a person to know that there was a temple prior to the mosque. Apart from this, there were various archaeologists who proved the things right.

The written documents were written by Govind Chandra Garhwal who was the ruler of that dynasty. It was having praise words about the Hindu Lord, Vishnu and about the Lord Ram. He constructed the temple using pillars and other artistic things. It was also having a sphere of gold. This was the grand temple and no other ruler of any dynasty or of any time built a better temple than this one. It also states that the temple was constructed in the city of Ayodhya. The remaining of the temple was demolished to construct the mosque. Justice, Dharam V. Sharma was headed the evidence in the Lucknow Bench of Allahabad high Court. These all evidences were produced to him by the Archaeological Survey of India.

The judges saw all the 265 evidences and told to them that they were found under the eleventh or twelfth century and declared that the mosque was prior to it was the Hindu Temple and declared the thing that it was broken to made the mosque. They all said that there is no room to say that the things were lying or the evidences were wrong.

Jain Account

The other religion that came into action among the mosque was Jain and the main religious group Jain Samata vahini declared the thing that the demolished building was just look like the Jain temple which was constructed during the sixth century. It was headed by Sohan Mehta, who was the General Secretary of the religious group claimed that the demolished structure was of the Jain temple which was ancient in nature. They told through the evidences which he got from ASI. He restricted the High Court of Allahabad to settle the dispute among the Babri Masjid and Ram janam Bhoomi until the things were proved by him came to a result. Mehta showed the writings of the 18th century monks and told that Ayodhya is that same place where 5 Jain Monks stayed. It was also known as the five biggest places for Jain and Buddhist pilgrims as per the sources before 1527.

Muslim Account

The Muslims from all parts of the state proved that the place was not having any kind of existence of any temple or if the temple was constructed to that place then Mir Baqi constructed the mosque, the temple was erected. The matter was happened in the year 1949 when the Ram idols were placed in the mosque allegedly and at that time, prime Minister Jawahar Lal Nehru wrote a letter to the chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh, GB Pant and demanded the removal of those idols from that place as it would leave a bad impression on both the communities that will give rise to a riot. The local administrator and deputy commissioner of Faizabad at that time denied the orders sent to him by Nehru. The High court gave the two third of the land area to Hindu as per the evidences that were presented to them by the ASI and other people who were having importance in this case.

The Muslims dismissed the saying of the court but however various hindu political parties welcomed the decision from the court and these religious parties were Vishva Hindu parishad, Hindu Munnani, RSS and many more. On the other side, the Muslim group and The Safdar Hashmi Memorial trust told to media that the evidences that were shown to court by ASI may possibly say that there must be a Hindu temple but they may not deny this fact that the place was having a mosque as well prior to the erection.

British Account

As per the British sources, Babur gained mush populariry after defeating large number of Hindu ruler in northern India and the he conquered the Lodhi of Afghan house and occupied certain things like Central Doab and Oudh. He proceeded to Agra after winning the battle of Panipat. He conquered the eastern states of united provinces. In the year 1527, Babur came back from the central part of the country after defeating one more ruler in Kannauj. He passed through the way of Ayodhya and constructed a mosque over that place. It was constructed in the year 1528 and as per the sources it was built on the birth place of Ram. However, after the death of Babur, the Afghans came in to protest against this thing in 1530 but were defeated in Lucknow in the same year.

Architecture

Those rulers who ruled on the country and those who belong to the Mughal Empire were having fond of Art and Entertainment especially to those who were the rulers in Sultanate of Delhi. They gave preference to architecture in those buildings which they constructed. They constructed large number of buildings in which tombs and pillars were of great quality and they built various madarsas, mosques in same nature. They all were having distinctive style because of which they are so popular among the people even today. Those were also said as the later Tughlaq style. All the masjids that were constructed in the country were of different nature and this is the reason that they are so popular. These were having different style of construction and traditional Muslim culture. The local artisans were s