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Jammu & Kashmir Kashmiri Language
Origin
The most popular language of Jammu and Kashmir is the Indo Aryan Kashmiri Language. There are roughly thousands of speakers who speak Kashmiri language. As per 2001 census there were approximately 105,000 speakers in Pakistan who speak Kashmiri as their native language. Also near the Neelum district there are many speakers. Moreover Kashmiri Language is regarded as the 22nd schedule languages of India. It is also considered as a part of sixth schedule in the constitution of Jammu and Kashmir. Additionally it seen that some Kashmiri speakers speak Hindi and Urdu as the second Language. Since 2008, Kashmiri language is considered as a compulsory subject in all the institutions.
Literature
Many famous writers wrote several writings and literary books on Kashmiri Language. George Abraham Grierson in 1919 wrote about Kashmiri language” Kashmiri is the only one language of Dardic that contains literature”. Since ancient times to modern era Kashmiri language has gained much importance.
Writing System
Kashmiri language is written in three orthographically systems, the Devanagri Script, the Sharda Script and the Perso Arabic Script. Even the Roman script is also used to write Kashmiri language. Traditionally Kashmiri language was written in Sharada Script at 8th century. But today Devanagri script and Perso Arabic script are used to write Kashmiri Language. Furthermore Kashmiri language is the language which indicates all vowel sounds. Moreover now days Perso Arabic script is related to Kashmiri Muslims whereas the Kashmiri Devanagri script is associated with Hindu Kashmiri community.
Grammar
Unlike as Indo Aryan Languages and like Old English and German languages, Kashmiri Language has V2 word order. It even holds four cases which are genitive, nominative and also two oblique cases which are known as dative and ergative cases.
Vocabulary
Kashmiri verbal communication has adopted numbers of Kashmiri words from Persian and Arabic Languages. With the arrival of Islamic Valley, it remains basically Language of Indo Aryan which is close to Rigvedic culture. Moreover there is a very little difference in Kashmiri language spoken by Muslims and Hindus. Shashishekar explained and provided a detailed analysis of relationship between the Kashmiri and Sanskrit Language. Furthermore this language has a strong relation with Sanskrit Rigvedic. In addition the vocabulary of Kashmiri language features some words from Old Indo Aryan Langauge which are Punjabi, Sindhi and Hindi-Urdu. Also some words in Kashmiri verbal communication seem to be the stem from the most significant Indo Aryan language in Sanskrit Vedic texts. This Kashmiri belongs to a small set which preserves the distinction.